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Milkmaid Flower Wikimedia Commons
Brassicaceae

Milkmaid Flower

Cardamine californica

First stirrings of spring and woodland innocence.

Family
Brassicaceae
Genus
Cardamine
Native to
California, Oregon
Bloom season
Late Winter, Early Spring
Type
herbaceous perennial
Height
15–40 cm
Sunlight
part shade to full shade
Soil
moist, humus-rich woodland soil
Water
moderate; goes dormant in dry summer
Hardiness
7–10
Lifespan
perennial; summer-dormant

Did you know

  • It is one of the first native wildflowers to bloom in California, often appearing as early as January.
  • The plant disappears completely above ground by summer, surviving as an underground rhizome until rains return.
  • Its leaves have a peppery, watercress-like flavor and were eaten by Native Californians as a spring green.
  • It is a host plant for the Sara orangetip butterfly, whose caterpillars feed on the seed pods.
  • The common name 'milkmaid' refers to the pure white clusters of four-petaled flowers nodding on slender stems.

Color meanings

White

the promise of longer days

Pale Pink

gentle awakening

Uses

  • native shade gardens
  • woodland restoration
  • spring wildflower displays
  • edible greens